Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G₃P) is produced in the stroma of chloroplasts. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding this compound?

A. It is a three-carbon sugar.
B. It is produced from glucose during glycolysis.
C. For every three molecules of CO₂, six molecules of G₃P are formed but five molecules must be recycled to regenerate three molecules of RuBP.
D. For every three molecules of CO₂ reduced in the Calvin cycle, six molecules of G₃P are formed but only one of these molecules exits the cycle to be used by the plant cell.
E. All of the listed responses are correct.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G₃P) is produced in the stroma of chloroplasts during the Calvin cycle. Six molecules of G₃P are formed for every three molecules of CO₂ reduced, but only one molecule is used by the plant cell while the rest is recycled to regenerate RuBP.

Explanation:

The most accurate statement regarding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G₃P) is option d. During the Calvin cycle in the stroma of chloroplasts, for every three molecules of CO₂ reduced, six molecules of G₃P are formed, but only one of these molecules exits the cycle to be used by the plant cell. This is because five molecules of G₃P must be recycled to regenerate three molecules of RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate), which is necessary for continuing the Calvin cycle.

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