Answer :
Final answer:
The Enlightenment brought about a renewed interest in classical world ideas. These ideas challenged the existing European order by questioning traditional authority, advocating for political and social reform, and promoting scientific progress.
Explanation:
The Enlightenment and the Renewed Classical World Ideas
The Enlightenment in Europe, which took place in the 17th and 18th centuries, was a period of intellectual and cultural transformation. During this time, there was a renewed interest in the classical world ideas of Ancient Greece and Rome. These ideas, such as reason, freedom, and individual rights, challenged the existing European order in several ways.
1. Challenging Traditional Authority
The classical world ideas of reason and individual rights led to a questioning of the traditional authority of monarchs and the Church. Thinkers like John Locke and Voltaire argued for the rights of individuals and the need for a social contract between the government and the people. They believed that power should be based on reason and consent, rather than divine right.
2. Advocating for Political and Social Reform
The Enlightenment thinkers also advocated for political and social reform based on the classical world ideas. They called for the establishment of constitutional governments, separation of powers, and the protection of individual liberties. These ideas influenced the American and French Revolutions, which sought to overthrow the existing European order and establish more inclusive and democratic societies.
3. Promoting Scientific Progress
The Enlightenment also emphasized scientific progress based on observation, experimentation, and reason. This scientific approach challenged the existing European order by questioning traditional beliefs and superstitions. Thinkers like Isaac Newton and Galileo Galilei made significant scientific discoveries during this period, further undermining the authority of the Church and traditional sources of knowledge.
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