Answer :
Final answer:
A pathogen can spread from one person to another through direct contact such as touching or kissing, indirect contact via objects known as fomites, exposure to potential pathogens through food and other external objects, and through breaches in the skin and mucous membranes.
Explanation:
A pathogen, such as a virus or bacteria, can be transmitted from one person to another through various methods. Some of the common ways are through direct physical contact, indirect contact, exposure, or even through a breach in the protective skin and mucous membranes.
Direct contact transmission of pathogens can occur through actions such as touching, kissing, sexual intercourse, or droplet sprays. This implies that the pathogens require contact with a mucous membrane to enter the body of the host.
Indirect contact transmission involves inanimate objects called fomites that become contaminated by pathogens from an infected individual or reservoir. Examples of fomites include tablecloths, doorknobs or surgical equipment which are not properly sterilized.
Exposure refers to the encounter with potential pathogens. For instance, the food we eat and the objects we handle can bring us into contact with these disease-causing microbes. Pathogens can also enter through wounds and insect bites.
These forms of spread ensure that the pathogen moves from one host to another, thereby propagating the disease.
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