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Immune cells recognize "self" from "non-self" by recognizing

A. antigens on the surfaces of pathogens.
B. the genes of potential pathogens.
C. the cytokines that pathogens produce.
D. the antibodies that pathogens produce.
E. the ribosomes that pathogens carry.

Answer :

Final answer:

Immune cells recognize 'self' from 'non-self' by recognizing O antigens on the surfaces of pathogens.


Explanation:

Immune cells recognize "self" from "non-self" by recognizing O antigens on the surfaces of pathogens. O antigens are specific molecules found on certain types of pathogens that allow immune cells to distinguish between self and non-self. When immune cells encounter pathogens with O antigens, they trigger an immune response to eliminate the foreign invader.


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