Answer :
Richter's 2006 study on wage arrears and economic voting in Russia focused on how economic issues, particularly wage arrears, influenced voters' decisions during elections. The key finding of the study was:
D. Voters were more likely to punish incumbent governments for wage arrears.
The study suggested that voters tended to hold incumbent politicians accountable for poor economic conditions, such as delayed wages, and this dissatisfaction was reflected in the way they voted. Wage arrears, therefore, served as an economic indicator that influenced voters to vote against the ruling government, seeking accountability and change through their electoral choices.