Answer :
Final answer:
The duodenum secretes a bicarbonate-rich mucus that neutralizes the acidity of chyme entering from the stomach. Similarly, the pancreas releases a bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice, regulated by hormones secretin and cholecystokinin, that also helps neutralize acidity and aids digestion.
Explanation:
The duodenum, a section of the small intestine, secretes a bicarbonate-rich, alkaline mucus produced by Brunner's glands located in its submucosa. This mucus acts as a buffer for the acidic chyme entering the duodenum from the stomach.
Meanwhile, the pancreas plays a critical role in digestion by producing a bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice. The release of this juice is regulated by hormones and the parasympathetic nervous system. The entry of acidic chyme into the duodenum stimulates the release of a hormone called secretin, which in turn induces the duct cells in the pancreas to release the bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice.
The presence of proteins and fats in the duodenum triggers the secretion of another hormone called cholecystokinin (CCK), which stimulates the secretion of enzyme-rich pancreatic juice and enhances the effect of secretin.
The bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juices help to neutralize the acidic chyme, creating an optimal environment for enzymatic activity and further digestion.
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Final answer:
The bicarbonate-rich mucosal mucus secreted by the Brunner's glands in the duodenum and the bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice secreted by the pancreas play essential roles in digestion, aiding in neutralization of acids and enzymatic activity.
Explanation:
The secretion of bicarbonate-rich mucosal mucus and pancreatic juice in the duodenum plays a critical role in digestion. The duodenal glands or Brunner's glands, located in the submucosa of the duodenum, secrete alkaline bicarbonate-rich mucus. This mucus serves to buffer the acidic chyme as it enters the duodenum from the stomach, preventing damage to the intestinal wall.
Further aiding in digestion and neutralization of acids, the pancreas secretes bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice. The release of this juice is regulated by hormones such as secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK), and by the parasympathetic nervous system. These secretions help neutralize the acidic chyme and create an optimal environment for the function of digestive enzymes in the small intestine.
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