Answer :
Cholecystokinin (CCK) released by duodenal enteroendocrine cells in response to fat-rich chyme stimulates increased secretion of pancreatic juice, gall bladder contraction, suppression of gastric emptying, and relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter.Option (b,d.e and f).
When protein- and fat-rich chyme enters the duodenum, the enteroendocrine cells release cholecystokinin (CCK), which has several effects on the digestive system. One of the effects of CCK is the increased secretion of pancreatic juice by the acinar cells.
This enzyme-rich juice aids in the digestion of proteins and fats. CCK also causes the gall bladder to contract, pushing bile into the duodenum for fat emulsification. Additionally, CCK can lead to the suppression of gastric emptying, slowing down the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine so that fat digestion can occur efficiently.
While CCK does stimulate the pancreas, it does not directly affect the production of bicarbonate (HCO3-) by pancreatic duct cells; that is the role of secretin.
An indirect effect of CCK, which may occur due to its ability to increase the secretion of enzyme-rich juice, is the relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter (or sphincter of Oddi). This relaxation allows the bile and pancreatic juice to flow into the duodenum more readily.Option (b,d.e and f).