Answer :
The enzyme rubisco is a carboxylase as it adds carbon dioxide (CO2) to the 5-carbon compound ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) during the process of carbon fixation in photosynthesis.
This leads to the formation of two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA), which is a crucial step in the Calvin cycle. Rubisco is considered to be one of the most important enzymes on Earth as it plays a key role in converting atmospheric CO2 into organic compounds that can be used by living organisms.
However, rubisco is also an oxygenase as it can add oxygen (O2) to RuBP, leading to the formation of one molecule of 3-PGA and one molecule of a two-carbon compound called phosphoglycolate. This process is known as photorespiration and can be detrimental to plants as it leads to a loss of fixed carbon and a consumption of energy. Therefore, rubisco's ability to act as both a carboxylase and an oxygenase has important implications for the efficiency of photosynthesis and the adaptation of plants to changing environmental conditions.
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